The Oriental Orthodox Churches are known as ' non-Chalcedonian', and, sometimes by outsiders as ' monophysite' (meaning 'One Single Nature', in allusion to Jesus Christ). This is in contrast to the 'two natures of Christ' belief (unmixed, but unseparated divine and human natures, called the hypostatic union) which is held by the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. This word refers to the Oriental Orthodox belief in the one composite unified nature of Christ i.e., a belief that a complete, natural union of the divine and human natures into one is self-evident in order to accomplish the divine salvation of humankind. Tewahedo ( Ge'ez: б‰°б‹‹б€•б‹¶ tГ¤waбёҐЙ™do) is a Ge'ez word meaning 'being made one' or 'unified'. ( July 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This section needs additional citations for verification. Around 500 bishops within the patriarchates of Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem refused to accept the dyophysitism (two natures) doctrine decreed by the Council of Chalcedon in 451, an incident that resulted in the second major split in the main body of the state church of the Roman Empire. Miaphysitism holds that in the one person of Jesus Christ, divinity and humanity are united in one (ОјОЇО±, mia) nature (П†ПЌПѓО№П‚ - ' physis') without separation, without confusion, without alteration and without mixing where Christ is consubstantial with God the Father. The distinction of this stance was that the incarnate Christ has one nature, but that one nature is of the two natures, divine and human, and retains all the characteristics of both after the union. The Oriental Orthodox Churches adhere to a miaphysitic Christological view followed by Cyril of Alexandria, the leading protagonist in the Christological debates of the 4th and 5th centuries, who advocated mia physis tou theou logou sesarkЕЌmenД“, or 'one (mia) nature of the Word of God incarnate' (ОјОЇО± П†ПЌПѓО№П‚ П„Оїбї¦ ОёОµОїбї¦ О»ПЊОіОїП… ПѓОµПѓО±ПЃОєП‰ОјООЅО·) and a hypostatic union (бј•ОЅП‰ПѓО№П‚ ОєО±Оё' бЅ‘ПЂПЊПѓП„О±ПѓО№ОЅ, henЕЌsis kath hypostasin). This word refers to the Oriental Orthodox belief in the one perfectly unified nature of Christ i.e., a complete union of the divine and human natures into one nature is self-evident in order to accomplish the divine salvation of mankind, as opposed to the ' two natures of Christ' belief commonly held by the Latin and Eastern Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, Lutheran and most other Protestant churches. Tewahedo ( GeКЅez: б‰°б‹‹б€•б‹¶) is a GeКЅez word meaning 'united as one'. It is one of the oldest Christian churches and Ethiopia is the second country historically, following only Armenia, to have officially proclaimed Christianity as its state religion (in AD 333). The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church had been administratively part of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria from the first half of the 4th century until 1959, when it was granted autocephaly with its own patriarch by Saint Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.

The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church is in communion with the other Oriental Orthodox churches (the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church, the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Syriac Orthodox Church). It is a founding member of the World Council of Churches. One of the few Christian churches in sub-Saharan Africa originating before European colonization of the continent, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church dates back centuries, and has a current membership of about 36 million people, the majority of whom live in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church ( Amharic: б‹ЁбЉўб‰µб‹®бЊµб‹« бЉ¦б€б‰¶б‹¶бЉб€µ б‰°б‹‹б€•б‹¶ б‰¤б‰° бЉб€б€µб‰Іб‹«бЉ•, YГ¤ityop'ya ortodoks tГ¤wahedo bГ©tГ¤krestyan) is the largest Oriental Orthodox Church.

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